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General Duty Clause covers what specific standards miss

OSHA and Workplace Safety

1970

OSH Act

Foundation of workplace safety

11

Employees

OSHA 300 Log threshold

8 / 24

Hours

Fatality / hospitalization deadlines

an OSHA inspector walks onto a job site

The Inspection Walkthrough

Picture a construction site. The inspector arrives with a badge. Some hazards have specific OSHA standards. Some don't — and that's where the General Duty Clause picks them up.

8/24⚠ OSHA INSPECTION ZONE ⚠→ no fall protectionspecific standard · 1926.501unguardedmachineno specific standard → GDCCHEM??HazCom · 1910.1200OSHAinspectortwo types of citationsspecific OSHA standard violationGeneral Duty Clause (catch-all)2024 penalty bands› Other than serious / Serious: $16,131› Willful / Repeated: $161,323

how to read this

  • Blue tags mark hazards covered by a specific OSHA standard (cited by section number).
  • Yellow tags mark hazards with no specific standard — caught by the General Duty Clause.
  • › The inspector can require a warrant if the employer refuses entry. Refusing without a warrant is NOT retaliation.

two clocks · two events

Reporting Clocks

The clock starts at the event, not at discovery. Memorize both faces.

fatality

8hours

Workplace fatality must be reported to OSHA within 8 hours

hospitalization · amputation · eye loss

24hours

Inpatient hospitalization, amputation, or eye loss → 24 hours

Exam Traps

General Duty Clause is the catch-all

When no specific OSHA standard applies, GDC fills the gap. The exam tests when GDC vs specific standard applies.

OSHA 300 threshold is 11, not 50

Different from FMLA. Employers with 11+ employees must maintain injury and illness logs.

Reporting deadlines differ by event

8 hours for fatalities. 24 hours for hospitalization, amputation, or eye loss. Memorize both.

OSHA inspectors need a warrant if refused

Employer can require a warrant. Refusing entry without a warrant is not retaliation. The exam tests this.

8 vs 24 hour rules

8 hours for fatality. 24 hours for amputation, hospitalization, eye loss. Memorize both timelines.

GDC catches what standards miss

When no specific OSHA standard applies, the General Duty Clause covers known hazards causing serious harm.

1
Specific OSHA standard

Pool must have a fence at least 4 feet high. OSHA standard says exactly what the fence looks like.

2
General Duty Clause

No specific fence standard for this kind of pool, but everyone knows a deep pool without a fence is dangerous. GDC catches it.

3
Pool with 12 employees

Must keep injury logs (OSHA 300). Below 11 employees, exempt from logs but not safety obligations.

4
Tragedy happens

Drowning fatality → report within 8 hours. Eye injury on the diving board → report within 24 hours.

GDC catches what standards miss. 11 employees logs. 8 hours fatal. 24 hours severe.
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Reviewed by Sarah L., PrepSolution Content Editor, HR
Sources verified against HRCI 2026 standards
Updated May 2026