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anonymous Delphi beats politicized group meetings

Decision-Making Techniques

6

Techniques

MCDA, Delphi, Nominal Group, Brainstorm, Fist-of-Five, Decision Tree

EMV

Tree Metric

Decision trees compute Expected Monetary Value

5

Fist Levels

0 blocks, 5 strongly agrees

multiply each outcome by its probability · highest EMV wins

Decision Tree · Build vs Buy

decisionBuild vs Buybuild?60% success+$500,000on-time delivery40% failure−$200,000cost overrunbuy?85% fits+$250,000standard value15% bad fit−$50,000reworkbuild EMV · winner+$220,000.60×500k + .40×−200kbuy EMV+$205,000.85×250k + .15×−50kbuild wins on EMV · but buy has lower variance

how to read this

  • Squares are your decisions. Circles are chance nodes (probabilities).
  • › For each branch, multiply the payoff by the probability. Sum every branch under a chance node to get its EMV.
  • › Compare the EMV of each decision. Highest wins — but check variance: a steady $205k can beat a risky $220k.
  • › This is how PMs turn gut-feel "should we build or buy?" into a defensible number.

Other Group Techniques

💭

Brainstorm

Open divergent ideas.

Nominal Group

Silent write, then discuss.

?

Delphi

Anonymous iterative expert poll.

MCDA

Weighted criteria scoring.

Fist-of-5

Consent check (0=block, 5=strong yes).

Exam Traps

Delphi is anonymous

The Delphi technique collects expert opinions anonymously to avoid groupthink and dominance effects. Anonymity is the whole point.

Weighted scoring uses criteria weights

Multi-criteria decision analysis scores each option against weighted criteria. The highest weighted score wins.

Decision trees quantify uncertainty

Branches represent decisions and chance events. EMV is the weighted payoff of each path.

Delphi kills groupthink

Anonymous input from experts. Iteratively refined. Great for politically charged decisions.

Fist-of-five is not voting

It is a consent check. If anyone shows 0 or 1, discuss further before proceeding.

1
Brainstorm

Throw out every restaurant idea. No judgment.

2
Weighted Scoring

Rate each option on food, price, and distance. Multiply by weights. Highest total wins.

3
Fist-of-Five

Everyone shows 0 to 5. Zero means veto. Under 3 needs discussion.

4
Decision Tree

If Restaurant A is busy there is a 30% chance of wait. EMV of each option helps choose.

Brainstorm wide, score weighted, fist for consent, tree for uncertainty.
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Reviewed by Chris K., PrepSolution Content Editor, Project Management
Sources verified against PMI 2026 standards
Updated May 2026